The size of the Java JVM thread stack – an accident in recursion ;)

Sup guys.

So I was sitting there in the Linux Lab at the University of San Diego watching SC2 streams at teamliquid.net and doing homework, just doing the usual. All of a sudden, my friend Cameron asks me if it’s possible to recursively called the main method in Java, to which I answer, “I think so, but I don’t know why you would want to do that.” The conversation got silly and the following code was written for the lulz:

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
	try{
		main(args);
	}
	catch(Throwable e){
	    System.err.println(e.getMessage());
	    e.printStackTrace(System.err);
	}
    }
}

As you can see, this is an obvious infinite loop just to prove that you could recursively called the main method in a Java class. What I didn’t know, however, was the error or exception I was about to get!

        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)
        at Test.main(Test.java:13)

lol face

As you can see, the error was so large it was impossible to see the Exception name (at least on emacs, I later tried it on NetBeans and I saw that it was a java.lang.StackOverflowError). In any case, I just guessed that it was some kind of stack overflow. This, in turn, led me to ask the question: What is the default size of the JVM thread stack?

At first I tried figuring this out by trial and error, by imposing limitations on the number of recursions. I found that the main method I wrote above could be called recursively ~7,000 times without throwing an Exception. I then realized that figuring out the size of the stack by hand was going to be an exercise in futility, so I turned to documentation in Google. I found the following in some docs from HP:

If you used versions of the HP-UX Developer’s Kit for Java™ prior to 1.1.3.4, you may have had problems due to the large stack sizes that were reserved in those earlier JVMs. As of 1.1.3.4 (and later releases), the default native thread stack size is 128 KB (prior to that it had been 1 MB). The default Java™ thread stack is 400 KB. The defaults can be controlled by the -ss and -oss flags (for the native thread stack and the Java™ thread stack respectively).

So there you have it folks. The default size of the JVM thread stack is 400 KB. Those are a lot of recursive calls! I suppose that the next step in this experimentation would be messing with the stack sizes and recursion. I think I’ll leave it at that for now.

Cheers!

Disclaimer: This post is for fun. I don’t code like this. Hire me!

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LeoO
15 Mar, 2011

yeah, good to know about it! maybe someday i could use this info!

peace!
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